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Artemisia rigida
''Artemisia rigida'' is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names scabland sagebrush〔 and stiff sagebrush. It is native to the northwestern United States, in Washington, Idaho, and Oregon.〔(Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map )〕 It has been recorded in western Montana but these sightings may have been misidentifications.〔McWilliams, Jack. 2003. (''Artemisia rigida''. ) In: Fire Effects Information System, (). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.〕
''Artemisia rigida'' is a small, spreading, deciduous shrub with many woody branches up to 40 centimeters long. The stems are gray and hairy.〔(''Artemisia rigida''. ) Flora of North America.〕 The leaves are up to 4 centimeters long and trident-shaped. They are grayish in color from their coat of silvery hairs. The plant is "mildly"〔 to "pungently"〔(''Artemisia rigida''. ) USDA FS International Institute of Tropical Forestry.〕 scented. The flower heads are somewhat bell-shaped and measure about half a centimeter wide. They contain 4 to 8 yellow-red to red florets.〔
''Artemisia rigida'' grows in harsh substrates where few other plants survive. The soil is generally very shallow and covers bedrock. The bedrock is always basalt, never granite.〔Daubenmire, R. (1982). (The distribution of ''Artemisia rigidia'' in Washington: A challenge to ecology and geology. ) ''Northwest Science'' 56(3) 162.〕 The roots of the plant are within the shallow soil layer with some anchoring in rock fractures. There is also sometimes a layer of impermeable clay. The substrate commonly undergoes frost heaving, which breaks it up. On these unproductive sites, which occur in the Channeled Scablands, for example, this plant is a climax species. It is an indicator of scabland habitat.〔 In the Columbia Basin it may dominate regions with thin soils, and have Sandberg's bluegrass as the main understory species.〔(Native Grasslands and Shrub-steppe. ) USFWS Hanford Reach National Monument.〕
''Artemisia rigida'' provides food for wildlife because it is often the only plant exposed as the snow melts in the spring on mostly barren landscapes. Livestock also like it, especially the seedheads.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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